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Originally published online as doi:10.1189/jlb.0309147 on September 10, 2009

Published online before print September 10, 2009
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(Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2009;86:1075-1087.)
© 2009 Society for Leukocyte Biology

ABC drug transporters and immunity: novel therapeutic targets in autoimmunity and cancer

Rieneke van de Ven*,1, Ruud Oerlemans{dagger},1, Joost W. van der Heijden{ddagger}, George L. Scheffer*, Tanja D. de Gruijl{ddagger}, Gerrit Jansen{dagger} and Rik J. Scheper*,2

* Departments of Pathology,
{dagger} Rheumatology, and
{ddagger} Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center/Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

2. Correspondence: Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Zuid Holland 1081 HV The Netherlands. E-mail: rj.scheper{at}vumc.nl

ABC transporters were identified originally for their contribution to clinical MDR as a result of their capacity to extrude various unrelated cytotoxic drugs. More recent reports have shown that ABC transporters can play important roles in the development, differentiation, and maturation of immune cells and are involved in migration of immune effector cells to sites of inflammation. Many of the currently identified, endogenous ABC transporter substrates have immunostimulating effects. Increasing the expression of ABC transporters on immune cells and thereby enhancing immune cell development or functionality may be beneficial to immunotherapy in the field of oncology. On the contrary, in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, blockade of these transporters may prove beneficial, as it could dampen disease activity by compromising immune effector cell functions. This review will focus on the expression, regulation, and substrate specificity of ABC transporters in relation to functional activities of immune effector cells and discusses implications for the treatment of cancer on the one hand and autoimmune diseases on the other.

Key Words: immune system • autoimmune diseases • drug resistance • immunotherapy